BC547 Transistor (Pack of 5)

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Component Name

Description

The BC547 is a popular NPN bipolar junction transistor (BJT) widely used in electronic circuits for amplification, switching, and voltage regulation applications. This pack of 5 transistors offers a convenient and cost-effective solution for prototyping, DIY projects, and production runs.

Functionality

Active Mode: Amplifies the input signal, allowing the transistor to function as an amplifier or switch.
Saturation Mode: Acts as a switch, where the transistor is fully turned on, allowing maximum current to flow between the collector and emitter.
Cut-Off Mode: Acts as an open switch, where the transistor is fully turned off, and minimal current flows between the collector and emitter.

The BC547 transistor is designed to amplify or switch electronic signals. Its NPN configuration allows it to control the flow of current between the collector and emitter terminals, depending on the voltage applied to the base terminal. This transistor can operate in three modes

Key Features

NPN Configuration: The BC547 transistor is an NPN type, meaning it has a positive charge on the collector and emitter regions, and a negative charge on the base region.
Maximum Collector Current (IC): 100 mA
Maximum Collector-Emitter Voltage (VCE): 45 V
Maximum Base-Emitter Voltage (VBE): 6 V
Current Gain () (hFE): 100-400 (typical value: 200)
Transition Frequency (fT): 150 MHz
Power Dissipation (Pc): 500 mW
Package Type: TO-92
Operating Temperature Range: -55C to 150C
Storage Temperature Range: -65C to 175C

Applications

Amplifiers: Audio, radio frequency (RF), and instrumentation amplifiers
Switching Circuits: Relays, solenoids, and other inductive loads
Voltage Regulation: Linear voltage regulators and switching regulators
Motor Control: DC motor control and driver circuits
General-Purpose Electronics: Prototyping, DIY projects, and production runs

Packaging Information

The BC547 transistor pack includes 5 individual transistors, each packaged in a TO-92 case. The transistors are shipped in an anti-static bag to prevent damage from electrostatic discharge.

Precautions

Handling: Avoid touching the transistor pins to prevent electrostatic discharge, which can damage the device.
Storage: Store the transistors in an anti-static bag or wrap them individually in conductive foam to prevent damage.
Operating Conditions: Ensure the transistor operates within the recommended temperature and voltage ranges to prevent overheating or damage.

By following proper handling, storage, and operating procedures, the BC547 transistor pack is a reliable and versatile component for a wide range of electronic projects and applications.

Pin Configuration

BC547 Transistor (Pack of 5) Documentation
Overview
The BC547 is a general-purpose NPN bipolar junction transistor (BJT) commonly used in electronic circuits for amplification, switching, and voltage regulation. This documentation explains the pin configuration of the BC547 transistor and provides a step-by-step guide on how to connect the pins.
Pin Configuration
The BC547 transistor has three pins:
1. Emitter (E)
Pin Number: 1
Function: The emitter is the negative terminal of the transistor, where the current flows in.
Connection: The emitter is connected to the negative side of the power supply or ground.
2. Base (B)
Pin Number: 2
Function: The base is the control terminal of the transistor, which regulates the flow of current between the emitter and collector.
Connection: The base is connected to the input signal or the control voltage.
3. Collector (C)
Pin Number: 3
Function: The collector is the positive terminal of the transistor, where the current flows out.
Connection: The collector is connected to the positive side of the power supply or the load.
Connecting the Pins
Here's a step-by-step guide to connect the pins:
Step 1: Connect the Emitter (E)
+ Connect the emitter pin (1) to the negative side of the power supply or ground.
+ Use a wire or a track on the PCB to make the connection.
Step 2: Connect the Base (B)
+ Connect the base pin (2) to the input signal or the control voltage.
+ Use a resistor (e.g., 1 k) to limit the base current and prevent damage to the transistor.
Step 3: Connect the Collector (C)
+ Connect the collector pin (3) to the positive side of the power supply or the load.
+ Use a wire or a track on the PCB to make the connection.
Example Circuit
Here's an example circuit to demonstrate the connection of the BC547 transistor:
VCC (Positive Power Supply): 9V
R1 (Base Resistor): 1 k
R2 (Collector Resistor): 1 k
LED (Load): Any standard LED
Connect the emitter (E) to ground.
Connect the base (B) to the input signal through R1.
Connect the collector (C) to the load (LED) through R2.
Connect the positive power supply (VCC) to the load (LED).
Important Notes
Always handle the transistor with care to prevent damage from static electricity or physical stress.
Use a socket or a PCB mount to secure the transistor and prevent overheating.
Ensure proper heat sinking and cooling for high-power applications.
By following these instructions and taking necessary precautions, you can successfully connect and use the BC547 transistor in your electronic projects.

Code Examples

BC547 Transistor (Pack of 5) Documentation

Overview

The BC547 is a versatile NPN bipolar junction transistor (BJT) designed for general-purpose amplification and switching applications. This pack of 5 transistors is suitable for a wide range of IoT projects, prototyping, and development.

Pinout

The BC547 transistor has a standard TO-92 package with three pins:

E (Emitter): Pin 1
 B (Base): Pin 2
 C (Collector): Pin 3

Features and Specifications

NPN transistor type
 Maximum collector current (Ic): 100 mA
 Maximum collector-emitter voltage (Vce): 45 V
 Maximum base-emitter voltage (Vbe): 6 V
 Current gain (hFE): 100-400
 Operating temperature range: -55C to 150C

Example 1: Simple Switching Circuit

In this example, we'll use the BC547 as a switch to control an LED. When the input voltage at the base (Vb) is HIGH, the transistor turns on, and the LED lights up.

Schematic

```bash
  +-----------+
  |          |
  |  BC547   |
  |  (NPN)   |
  |          |
  +-----------+
       |   |
       |   |
       |   V
  Rb (1k)  |
       |   |
  +-----------+
  |          |
  |  Vin    |
  |  (5V)   |
  +-----------+
       |   |
       |   |
       |   V
  R-led (220) |
       |   |
  +-----------+
  |          |
  |  LED    |
  |          |
  +-----------+
       |   |
       |   |
       |   V
  GND    |
       |   |
```

Code (Arduino)
```c
const int Vin = 5;  // Input voltage pin
const int Rb = A0;  // Base resistor pin
const int led = 13;  // LED pin

void setup() {
  pinMode(Vin, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(Rb, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(led, OUTPUT);
}

void loop() {
  digitalWrite(Vin, HIGH);  // Apply 5V to the input
  digitalWrite(Rb, HIGH);  // Apply 5V to the base (turn on the transistor)
  delay(1000);
  digitalWrite(Rb, LOW);  // Apply 0V to the base (turn off the transistor)
  delay(1000);
}
```

Example 2: Amplifier Circuit

In this example, we'll use the BC547 as an amplifier to amplify a weak signal from a sensor.

Schematic

```bash
  +-----------+
  |          |
  |  BC547   |
  |  (NPN)   |
  |          |
  +-----------+
       |   |
       |   |
       |   V
  R1 (1k)  |
       |   |
  +-----------+
  |          |
  |  Vcc    |
  |  (5V)   |
  +-----------+
       |   |
       |   |
       |   V
  R2 (2k)  |
       |   |
  +-----------+
  |          |
  |  Signal  |
  |  (sensor) |
  +-----------+
       |   |
       |   |
       |   V
  R3 (10k) |
       |   |
  +-----------+
  |          |
  |  Output  |
  |          |
  +-----------+
       |   |
       |   |
       |   V
  GND    |
       |   |
```

Code (Arduino)
```c
const int signalPin = A1;  // Signal from sensor pin
const int outputPin = 9;  // Amplified output pin

void setup() {
  pinMode(signalPin, INPUT);
  pinMode(outputPin, OUTPUT);
}

void loop() {
  int signalValue = analogRead(signalPin);
  int amplifiedValue = signalValue  2;  // Amplify the signal
  analogWrite(outputPin, amplifiedValue);
  delay(10);
}
```

Example 3: Darlington Pair Configuration

In this example, we'll use two BC547 transistors in a Darlington pair configuration to increase the current gain and switching capability.

Schematic

```bash
  +-----------+
  |          |
  |  BC547   |
  |  (NPN)   |
  |          |
  +-----------+
       |   |
       |   |
       |   V
  Rb1 (1k)  |
       |   |
  +-----------+
  |          |
  |  BC547   |
  |  (NPN)   |
  |          |
  +-----------+
       |   |
       |   |
       |   V
  Rb2 (1k)  |
       |   |
  +-----------+
  |          |
  |  Vin    |
  |  (5V)   |
  +-----------+
       |   |
       |   |
       |   V
  R-led (220) |
       |   |
  +-----------+
  |          |
  |  LED    |
  |          |
  +-----------+
       |   |
       |   |
       |   V
  GND    |
       |   |
```

Code (Arduino)
```c
const int Vin = 5;  // Input voltage pin
const int Rb1 = A0;  // Base resistor pin for transistor 1
const int Rb2 = A1;  // Base resistor pin for transistor 2
const int led = 13;  // LED pin

void setup() {
  pinMode(Vin, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(Rb1, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(Rb2, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(led, OUTPUT);
}

void loop() {
  digitalWrite(Vin, HIGH);  // Apply 5V to the input
  digitalWrite(Rb1, HIGH);  // Apply 5V to the base of transistor 1
  digitalWrite(Rb2, HIGH);  // Apply 5V to the base of transistor 2
  delay(1000);
  digitalWrite(Rb1, LOW);  // Apply 0V to the base of transistor 1
  digitalWrite(Rb2, LOW);  // Apply 0V to the base of transistor 2
  delay(1000);
}
```

These examples demonstrate the versatility of the BC547 transistor in various IoT applications. By understanding how to use this component, you can design and develop more complex projects that require amplification, switching, and control.