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Atmel 89S52

Atmel 89S52 Atmel 89S52
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Component Name

Atmel 89S52

Overview

The Atmel 89S52 is an 8-bit microcontroller (MCU) from the ATMEL Corporation, a pioneer in the field of microcontrollers. This device is a member of the popular 8051 microcontroller family and is widely used in various applications, including robotics, industrial automation, and embedded systems. The 89S52 is a powerful, versatile, and cost-effective solution for a broad range of IoT applications.

Functionality

The Atmel 89S52 is a fully static, CMOS 8-bit microcontroller that provides a wide range of features and peripherals, making it an ideal choice for various IoT applications. The device is based on the 8051 instruction set architecture and is compatible with the MCS-51 instruction set.

Key Features

  • Processing Unit: The 89S52 is equipped with an 8-bit CPU that executes instructions at a clock speed of up to 24 MHz.
  • Memory: The device features 8 KB of in-system programmable (ISP) flash memory, 256 bytes of RAM, and 2048 bytes of data EEPROM.
  • I/O Ports: The 89S52 has four 8-bit I/O ports (P0, P1, P2, and P3), which can be used for various purposes, such as digital I/O, analog-to-digital conversion, and pulse-width modulation (PWM).
  • UART: The device has a built-in universal asynchronous receiver-transmitter (UART) that enables serial communication with other devices.
  • Timer/Counter: The 89S52 features two 16-bit timer/counters (T0 and T1) that can be used for various applications, such as pulse-width modulation, frequency measurement, and timekeeping.
  • Interrupts: The device has a total of five interrupt vectors, allowing for efficient handling of interrupts and exceptions.
  • Power Management: The 89S52 has a low power consumption mode, known as idle mode, which reduces power consumption when the device is not actively processing data.
  • Operating Voltage: The device operates at a voltage range of 4.5V to 5.5V, making it suitable for battery-powered devices.

Applications

The Atmel 89S52 is an excellent choice for various IoT applications, including

Robotics and automation

Industrial control systems

Home automation

Wearable devices

Medical devices

Security systems

Pinout

The 89S52 is available in a 40-pin dual in-line package (DIP) or a 44-pin quad flat package (QFN). The pinout is as follows

VCC

Power supply pin

GND

Ground pin

Port 0 (P0.0 - P0.7)8-bit I/O port
Port 1 (P1.0 - P1.7)8-bit I/O port
Port 2 (P2.0 - P2.7)8-bit I/O port
Port 3 (P3.0 - P3.7)8-bit I/O port

RST

Reset input

XTAL1Crystal oscillator input
XTAL2Crystal oscillator output
INT0 - INT4External interrupt inputs

TXD

UART transmit output

RXD

UART receive input

Conclusion

The Atmel 89S52 is a versatile and powerful microcontroller that offers a range of features and peripherals, making it an ideal choice for various IoT applications. Its low power consumption, high performance, and flexibility make it a popular choice among IoT developers and hobbyists alike.

Pin Configuration

  • Atmel 89S52 Microcontroller Pinout and Description
  • The Atmel 89S52 is an 8-bit microcontroller from the popular 8051 family. It has 40 pins, arranged in a 0.6-inch wide DIP (Dual In-Line Package) package. Here's a detailed description of each pin, along with their functions and connection guidelines:
  • Pin 1: RST (Reset Input)
  • --------------------------------
  • Function: Active Low Reset input
  • Description: This pin is used to reset the microcontroller. When the pin is pulled low, the microcontroller resets and starts executing from the beginning of the program.
  • Connection: Typically connected to a 10k pull-up resistor and a capacitor (e.g., 10F) to Vcc to ensure a clean reset signal.
  • Pin 2-5: Port 0 (P0.0 - P0.3)
  • ---------------------------------
  • Function: Bidirectional I/O port
  • Description: These pins can be used as general-purpose input/output (I/O) pins or as an address/data bus for external memory and peripherals.
  • Connection: Depending on the application, these pins can be connected to external devices, such as sensors, LEDs, or buttons, using appropriate resistors and capacitors.
  • Pin 6-13: Port 1 (P1.0 - P1.7)
  • ----------------------------------
  • Function: Bidirectional I/O port
  • Description: These pins can be used as general-purpose I/O pins or as a data bus for external memory and peripherals.
  • Connection: Depending on the application, these pins can be connected to external devices, such as sensors, LEDs, or buttons, using appropriate resistors and capacitors.
  • Pin 14-19: Port 2 (P2.0 - P2.5)
  • ----------------------------------
  • Function: Bidirectional I/O port
  • Description: These pins can be used as general-purpose I/O pins or as an address bus for external memory and peripherals.
  • Connection: Depending on the application, these pins can be connected to external devices, such as sensors, LEDs, or buttons, using appropriate resistors and capacitors.
  • Pin 20-25: Port 3 (P3.0 - P3.5)
  • ----------------------------------
  • Function: Bidirectional I/O port
  • Description: These pins can be used as general-purpose I/O pins or as control signals for external memory and peripherals.
  • Connection: Depending on the application, these pins can be connected to external devices, such as sensors, LEDs, or buttons, using appropriate resistors and capacitors.
  • Pin 26: RXD (Serial Input)
  • -----------------------------
  • Function: Serial data input
  • Description: This pin is used to receive serial data from an external device, such as a serial communication module or a PC.
  • Connection: Typically connected to the TXD pin of a serial communication module or a PC, using a level-shifting circuit if necessary.
  • Pin 27: TXD (Serial Output)
  • -----------------------------
  • Function: Serial data output
  • Description: This pin is used to transmit serial data to an external device, such as a serial communication module or a PC.
  • Connection: Typically connected to the RXD pin of a serial communication module or a PC, using a level-shifting circuit if necessary.
  • Pin 28: INT0 (External Interrupt 0)
  • ------------------------------------
  • Function: External interrupt input
  • Description: This pin can be used to trigger an interrupt in the microcontroller when a low-level signal is applied.
  • Connection: Typically connected to an external interrupt source, such as a button or a sensor, using a pull-up resistor and a capacitor.
  • Pin 29: INT1 (External Interrupt 1)
  • ------------------------------------
  • Function: External interrupt input
  • Description: This pin can be used to trigger an interrupt in the microcontroller when a low-level signal is applied.
  • Connection: Typically connected to an external interrupt source, such as a button or a sensor, using a pull-up resistor and a capacitor.
  • Pin 30: T0 (Timer 0 Input)
  • -----------------------------
  • Function: Timer 0 input
  • Description: This pin is used as an input for Timer 0, which can be used to generate timing signals or measure frequencies.
  • Connection: Typically connected to an external clock source, such as a crystal oscillator or a pulse generator.
  • Pin 31: T1 (Timer 1 Input)
  • -----------------------------
  • Function: Timer 1 input
  • Description: This pin is used as an input for Timer 1, which can be used to generate timing signals or measure frequencies.
  • Connection: Typically connected to an external clock source, such as a crystal oscillator or a pulse generator.
  • Pin 32-39: Vcc (Power Supply)
  • ---------------------------------
  • Function: Power supply pins
  • Description: These pins are used to power the microcontroller.
  • Connection: Typically connected to a power supply (e.g., 5V) using a decoupling capacitor (e.g., 10F).
  • Pin 40: GND (Ground)
  • -------------------------
  • Function: Ground pin
  • Description: This pin is used as a reference ground for the microcontroller.
  • Connection: Typically connected to the system ground using a low-impedance path.
  • Important Notes:
  • All pins are 5V tolerant, except for the XTAL1 and XTAL2 pins, which are 3V tolerant.
  • The Atmel 89S52 can operate at a maximum clock frequency of 24 MHz.
  • The microcontroller requires a oscillator circuit to operate, which can be either an internal oscillator or an external crystal oscillator.
  • By following this pinout description, you can correctly connect and use the Atmel 89S52 microcontroller in your IoT projects.

Code Examples

Atmel 89S52 Microcontroller Documentation
Overview
The Atmel 89S52 is an 8-bit microcontroller from the 8051 family, featuring 8KB of flash memory, 256 bytes of RAM, and 2KB of EEPROM. It is a popular choice for various IoT applications, including robotics, automation, and embedded systems.
Pinout and Features
The Atmel 89S52 has a 40-pin DIP package, with the following features:
8-bit CPU with 8051 instruction set
 8KB flash memory
 256 bytes RAM
 2KB EEPROM
 32 I/O lines
 3 timers/counters
 1 UART
 1 SPI interface
 1 I2C interface
 8-channel 10-bit ADC
 Interrupt controller with 6 interrupt sources
Code Examples
### Example 1: Blinking an LED using Timer 0
In this example, we will use Timer 0 to generate a 1Hz signal to blink an LED connected to pin P1.0.
```c
#include <at89s52.h>
#define LED_PIN P1_0
void timer0_ISR() __interrupt(1) {
    TF0 = 0; // Clear timer 0 overflow flag
    LED_PIN = ~LED_PIN; // Toggle LED state
}
void main() {
    TMOD = 0x01; // Set timer 0 to mode 1 (16-bit timer)
    TH0 = 0xA3; // Set timer 0 high byte
    TL0 = 0x00; // Set timer 0 low byte
    ET0 = 1; // Enable timer 0 interrupt
    EA = 1; // Enable global interrupt
    while(1);
}
```
### Example 2: UART Communication with a Serial Terminal
In this example, we will use the UART interface to communicate with a serial terminal, transmitting a "Hello, World!" message at 9600 bps.
```c
#include <at89s52.h>
#define UART_BAUD_RATE 9600
#define UART_BPS ((110000 / UART_BAUD_RATE) - 16)
void uart_init() {
    SCON = 0x50; // Set UART mode 1 (8-bit data, 1 stop bit)
    PCON = 0x80; // Set baud rate generator
    TMOD = 0x20; // Set timer 1 to mode 2 (baud rate generator)
    TH1 = UART_BPS; // Set timer 1 high byte
    TL1 = UART_BPS; // Set timer 1 low byte
}
void uart_send_char(char c) {
    SBUF = c; // Send character
    while (!TI); // Wait for transmission complete
    TI = 0; // Clear transmission complete flag
}
void main() {
    uart_init();
    uart_send_char('H');
    uart_send_char('e');
    uart_send_char('l');
    uart_send_char('l');
    uart_send_char('o');
    uart_send_char(',');
    uart_send_char(' ');
    uart_send_char('W');
    uart_send_char('o');
    uart_send_char('r');
    uart_send_char('l');
    uart_send_char('d');
    uart_send_char('!');
    uart_send_char('
');
    uart_send_char('
');
    while(1);
}
```
Please note that these examples are for illustration purposes only and may require additional configuration and initialization depending on the specific application and hardware setup.