ATmega8
ATmega8
The ATmega8 is a popular 8-bit microcontroller (MCU) from Atmel Corporation (now acquired by Microchip Technology). It belongs to the AVR (Advanced Virtual RISC) family of microcontrollers, known for their high performance, low power consumption, and ease of use. The ATmega8 is a versatile and widely used component in various Internet of Things (IoT) projects, robotics, and embedded systems.
The ATmega8 is a low-power, 8-bit AVR microcontroller that executes most instructions in a single clock cycle. It operates at a maximum frequency of 16 MHz and is capable of processing 16 million instructions per second (MIPS). The microcontroller features 8 KB of in-system programmable flash memory, 1 KB of SRAM, and 512 bytes of EEPROM.
| The ATmega8 provides a range of peripherals and interfaces, making it suitable for various applications, such as | |
| Digital I/O | 23 programmable digital input/output pins, including 12 high-current drive pins |
| Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) | 6-channel, 10-bit ADC with optional differential input |
| Timers/Counters | Two 8-bit timers/counters with separate prescalers and compare modes |
Universal Synchronous and Asynchronous serial receiver-transmitter (USART) for serial communication
Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) for inter-IC communication
| I2C | Inter-Integrated Circuit (I2C) interface for communicating with other devices |
Sleep modes and power-saving features to reduce power consumption
28-pin PDIP (Plastic Dual In-Line Package), 32-pin TQFP (Thin Quad Flat Package), or 28-pin QFN (Quad Flat No-Lead Package)
Vary depending on the package type
-40C to 85C (industrial temperature range)
The ATmega8 is a versatile and widely used 8-bit microcontroller that offers a perfect blend of performance, power efficiency, and flexibility. Its features and peripherals make it an ideal choice for various IoT projects, robotics, and embedded systems applications.
ATmega8 Microcontroller DocumentationOverviewThe ATmega8 is an 8-bit, low-power AVR microcontroller (MCU) from Atmel, now a part of Microchip Technology. It is a popular choice for various Internet of Things (IoT) projects, robotics, and embedded systems due to its compact size, low power consumption, and rich set of features.Key Features8-bit AVR microcontroller
8 KB of In-System Programmable Flash memory
1 KB of SRAM
512 bytes of EEPROM
23 General Purpose I/O lines
3 timers/counter (2x 8-bit, 1x 16-bit)
8-channel, 10-bit Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC)
UART, SPI, and I2C serial communication interfaces
Operating voltage: 2.7V to 5.5V
Operating frequency: up to 16 MHzCode Examples### Example 1: Blinking an LED using Timer/CounterIn this example, we will use Timer/Counter 0 to generate a pulse-width modulation (PWM) signal to blink an LED connected to Pin 13 of the ATmega8.```c
#include <avr/io.h>
#include <avr/interrupt.h>
#include <util/delay.h>#define LED_PIN (1 << PB5) // Pin 13 (PB5) is used for the LEDint main(void) {
// Initialize the LED pin as an output
DDRB |= LED_PIN;// Set up Timer/Counter 0 for PWM mode
TCCR0A |= (1 << WGM01); // Mode 1: Clear Timer on Overflow
TCCR0B |= (1 << CS01) | (1 << CS00); // Prescaler: 64
OCR0A = 128; // PWM period: 256 clock cycleswhile (1) {
// Toggle the LED pin to generate the PWM signal
PORTB ^= LED_PIN;
_delay_ms(500); // delay for 500ms
}return 0;
}
```### Example 2: Reading an Analog Input using ADCIn this example, we will use the ATmega8's ADC to read an analog voltage from a sensor connected to Analog Input Channel 0 (AIN0).```c
#include <avr/io.h>
#include <avr/interrupt.h>
#include <avr/sleep.h>#define ADC_CHANNEL 0 // AIN0 (PC0) is used for the analog inputint main(void) {
// Initialize the ADC
ADCSRA |= (1 << ADEN); // Enable ADC
ADCSRA |= (1 << ADPS2) | (1 << ADPS1); // ADC clock prescaler: 64while (1) {
// Select the ADC channel
ADMUX |= (ADC_CHANNEL & 0x07);// Start the ADC conversion
ADCSRA |= (1 << ADSC);// Wait for the conversion to complete
while (ADCSRA & (1 << ADSC));// Read the ADC value (10-bit)
uint16_t adcValue = ADC;// Print the ADC value (e.g., using a serial interface)sleep_mode(); // Go to sleep to conserve power
}return 0;
}
```Note: These examples are for illustration purposes only and may require additional code, libraries, or modifications to work in your specific project.